L2BEAT - The state of the layer two ecosystem

L2BEAT Bridges is a work in progress. You might find incomplete research or inconsistent naming. Join our discord to suggest improvements!

Canonical bridges

Validated By

Destination Chain

Ethereum

Optimistically

Third Party

Under Review

User

Various AMBs

Validated By

Destination Chain

Ethereum

Optimistically

Third Party

Under Review

User

Various AMBs

Type

Hybrid

Liquidity Network

Optimistic Rollup

Optimium

Plasma

Token Bridge

Validium

ZK Rollup

Type

Hybrid

Liquidity Network

Optimistic Rollup

Optimium

Plasma

Token Bridge

Validium

ZK Rollup

Active projectsActive95 Archived projectsArchived16

#	Name	Total Total value locked in escrow contracts on Ethereum displayed together with a percentage change compared to 7D ago.	7d Change Change in the total value locked as compared to a week ago.	Tokens Composition of the total value locked broken down by token type.	Mkt share Share of the sum of total value locked of all projects.	Validated by How are the messages sent via this bridge checked?	Type Token bridges use escrows and mint tokens. Liquidity Networks use pools and swap tokens. Hybrid do both.
1	Arbitrum One Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	$19.09 B	3.31%	ARB16.72% Ether35.75% Stablecoins22.18% Other25.35% The ARB token associated with Arbitrum One accounts for 16.72% of the TVL!	200.11%33.61%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
2	OP Mainnet Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust block Proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$7.81 B	2.46%	OP35.40% Ether23.81% Stablecoins15.58% Other25.21% The OP token associated with OP Mainnet accounts for 35.40% of the TVL!	81.88%13.75%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
3	Base Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$7.00 B	10.20%	Ether26.20% Stablecoins43.13% Other30.67%	73.43%12.33%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
4	Blast Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$3.35 B	5.20%	Ether4.54% Stablecoins0.00% Other95.46%	35.16%5.90%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
5	Polygon PoS	$2.82 B	0.87%	Ether22.16% Stablecoins48.93% Other28.91%	29.61%4.97%	Destination Chain Transfers need to be confirmed by 2/3 of Polygon PoS Validators stake.	Token Bridge
6	Mantle Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$1.29 B	1.11%	MNT16.70% Ether15.06% Stablecoins10.97% Other57.27% The MNT token associated with Mantle accounts for 16.70% of the TVL!	13.53%2.27%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
7	Connext	$1.17 B	6.93%	Ether2.03% Stablecoins0.37% Other97.60%	12.30%2.07%	Various AMBs For BNB Multichain is used, for other chains their native AMBs are used.	Liquidity Network
8	Linea The circuit of the program being proven is not public.	$1.13 B	4.94%	Ether61.89% Stablecoins4.84% Other33.28%	11.89%2.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
9	Starknet	$1.10 B	2.81%	STRK70.69% Ether21.73% Stablecoins5.85% Other1.74% The STRK token associated with Starknet accounts for 70.69% of the TVL!	11.53%1.94%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
10	Polygon "Plasma" This project contains unverified contracts.	$1.02 B	0.05%	MATIC99.99% Stablecoins0.01% The MATIC token associated with Polygon “Plasma” accounts for 99.99% of the TVL!	10.71%1.80%	Destination Chain Transfers need to be confirmed by 2/3 of Polygon PoS Validators stake.	Token Bridge
11	Ronin V3	$971.87 M	0.57%	AXS81.67% Ether14.49% Stablecoins3.85% Other0.00% The AXS token associated with Ronin V3 accounts for 81.67% of the TVL!	10.19%1.71%	Third Party 70% out of 22 operators.	Token Bridge
12	Manta Pacific Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$913.14 M	13.78%	MANTA64.74% Ether18.60% Stablecoins2.43% Other14.22% The MANTA token associated with Manta Pacific accounts for 64.74% of the TVL!	9.57%1.61%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
13	zkSync Era Withdrawals are delayed by 21h. The length of the delay can be arbitrarily set by a MultiSig.	$890.82 M	1.65%	Ether67.90% Stablecoins12.85% Other19.25%	9.34%1.57%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
14	Mode Network Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$737.20 M	1.51%	MODE7.75% Ether11.55% Stablecoins4.18% Other76.52%	7.73%1.30%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
15	Omnibridge	$680.40 M	2.14%	GNO58.92% Ether6.38% Stablecoins2.60% Other32.10% The GNO token associated with Omnibridge accounts for 58.92% of the TVL!	7.13%1.20%	Third Party 4 / 8 Validator MultiSig	Token Bridge
16	Scroll	$641.29 M	13.91%	Ether34.73% Stablecoins8.65% Other56.62%	6.72%1.13%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
17	Metis Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$626.83 M	0.12%	Metis91.91% Ether2.66% Stablecoins5.36% Other0.06% The Metis token associated with Metis Andromeda accounts for 91.91% of the TVL!	6.57%1.10%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
18	Portal (Wormhole)	$612.09 M	0.97%	Ether31.85% Stablecoins67.57% Other0.58%	6.42%1.08%	Third Party Transfers need to be signed offchain by a set of 2/3 of Guardians and then relayed to the destination chain.	Token Bridge
19	Omnichain (LayerZero) This project contains unverified contracts. The security parameters of each individual token must be individually assessed, and can be changed by the developers. Omnichain tokens are in the early stages of development, use at your own risk.	$536.04 M	0.65%	Stablecoins1.32% Other98.68%	5.62%0.94%	Third Party Transfers need to be independently confirmed by oracle attesting to source chain checkpoints and Relayer providing proof of the transfer event.	Token Bridge
20	dYdX v3 This page describes dYdX v3, which is an L2 built on Ethereum. Recently deployed dYdX v4 is a separate blockchain based on Cosmos SDK, unrelated to Ethereum and is using different technology. No information on this page applies to dYdX v4.	$329.10 M	3.85%	Stablecoins100.00%	3.45%0.58%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
21	Avalanche Bridge	$290.14 M	1.48%	Ether33.19% Stablecoins35.52% Other31.29%	3.04%0.51%	Third Party 6/8 Intel SGX	Token Bridge
22	Rainbow Bridge	$260.58 M	5.12%	AURORA68.82% Ether6.66% Stablecoins21.63% Other2.89% The AURORA token associated with Rainbow Bridge accounts for 68.82% of the TVL!	2.73%0.46%	Destination Chain Transfers out of the bridge are validated using Optimistic Light Client of Near Chain on Ethereum. Transfers into NEAR are validated by Ethereum light client on NEAR side.	Token Bridge
23	Chainport This project contains unverified contracts.	$216.35 M	9.52%	Ether0.02% Stablecoins0.42% Other99.57%	2.27%0.38%	Third Party Transfers are controlled by the Chainport Congress.	Token Bridge
24	Immutable X	$200.87 M	8.48%	IMX79.64% Ether12.41% Stablecoins0.43% Other7.51% The IMX token associated with Immutable X accounts for 79.64% of the TVL!	2.11%0.35%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
25	Polygon zkEVM The forced transaction mechanism is currently disabled.	$169.92 M	0.08%	POL and MATIC45.42% Ether22.32% Stablecoins18.60% Other13.66% The POL and MATIC tokens associated with Polygon zkEVM account for 45.42% of the TVL!	1.78%0.30%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
26	Astar zkEVM					Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
27	X Layer					Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
28	RSS3 Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$156.06 M	13.97%	RSS3100.00% The RSS3 token associated with RSS3 Value Sublayer accounts for 100.00% of the TVL!	1.64%0.27%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
29	BOB Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$143.74 M	1.65%	Ether14.35% Stablecoins4.91% Other80.74%	1.51%0.25%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
30	Sygma	$137.61 M	7.35%	Other100.00%	1.44%0.24%	Third Party 4/7 of the MPC group (the Sygma relayer network) is required to create a cross-chain message with the MPC signature.	Hybrid
31	Across V3	$126.03 M	10.58%	Ether30.44% Stablecoins17.92% Other51.65%	1.32%0.22%	Optimistically Optimistic Oracle on Ethereum is used to assert that an action happened on the destination chain. The timeout used here is 1h.	Liquidity Network
32	Satellite (Axelar)	$123.38 M	1.58%	Ether26.59% Stablecoins43.59% Other29.82%	1.29%0.22%	Third Party 2/3 Validators' Stake	Hybrid
33	Loopring	$114.80 M	4.01%	LRC56.99% Ether26.65% Stablecoins5.58% Other10.78% The LRC token associated with Loopring accounts for 56.99% of the TVL!	1.20%0.20%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
34	Fraxtal Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$110.03 M	14.73%	FXS and FPIS20.05% Ether0.46% Stablecoins1.99% Other77.49% The FXS and FPIS tokens associated with Fraxtal account for 20.05% of the TVL!	1.15%0.19%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
35	Karak Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$110.00 M	4.92%	Ether50.82% Stablecoins24.88% Other24.31%	1.15%0.19%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
36	PulseChain	$96.47 M	1.09%	Ether32.53% Stablecoins63.80% Other3.67%	1.01%0.17%	Third Party Transfers need to be signed offchain by a designed list of Validators.	Token Bridge
37	zkSync Lite	$95.47 M	3.92%	Ether82.94% Stablecoins14.81% Other2.25%	1.00%0.17%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
38	ApeX	$89.66 M	0.09%	Stablecoins100.00%	0.94%0.16%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
39	Socket The security parameters of each individual token and vault must be individually assessed, and can be changed by the developers. DYOR and use Socket at your own risk.	$79.51 M	46.19%	Ether0.25% Stablecoins60.45% Other39.30%	0.83%0.14%	Third Party Depending on the Switchboard, transfers may need to be independently confirmed by third parties, for example when using FastSwitchboard there is a set of WATCHERS that need to authorize the transfer event.	Token Bridge
40	cBridge (Celer)	$75.12 M	1.67%	Ether16.23% Stablecoins22.58% Other61.18%	0.79%0.13%	Third Party Transfers need to be signed by external actors set by the governance.	Hybrid
41	Aevo Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$74.88 M	3.03%	Ether2.94% Stablecoins17.90% Other79.16%	0.78%0.13%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
42	Reya Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	$71.35 M	11.61%	Ether0.44% Other99.56%	0.75%0.13%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
43	DeGate V1	$62.86 M	3.81%	DG54.73% Ether4.00% Stablecoins38.70% Other2.58% The DG token associated with DeGate V1 accounts for 54.73% of the TVL!	0.66%0.11%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
44	ZKFair The forced transaction mechanism is currently disabled. The project claims to use CelestiaDA but smart contracts on L1 use DAC. Arbitrary messaging passing is removed from the bridge.	$59.64 M	0.22%	ZKF50.09% Ether18.98% Stablecoins15.71% Other15.23% The ZKF token associated with ZKFair accounts for 50.09% of the TVL!	0.63%0.10%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
45	Arbitrum Nova Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	$56.43 M	4.71%	Ether97.75% Stablecoins2.07% Other0.17%	0.59%0.10%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
46	Hop	$52.92 M	3.25%	Ether83.48% Stablecoins10.14% Other6.39%	0.55%0.09%	Optimistically Messages are relayed to the destination chain and assumed to be correct unless challenged within the 24 hour fraud proof window.	Liquidity Network
47	StarGate (LayerZero) This project contains unverified contracts.	$52.10 M	8.38%	Ether41.70% Stablecoins57.09% Other1.21%	0.55%0.09%	Third Party Transfers need to be independently confirmed by oracle attesting to source chain checkpoints and Relayer providing merkle proof of the transfer event.	Liquidity Network
48	rhino.fi	$48.21 M	4.77%	DVF6.32% Ether74.00% Stablecoins11.41% Other8.26%	0.51%0.08%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
49	Immutable zkEVM	$42.91 M	7.27%	IMX72.15% Stablecoins11.58% Other16.27% The IMX token associated with Immutable zkEVM accounts for 72.15% of the TVL!	0.45%0.08%	Third Party 2/3 Validators' Stake	Token Bridge
50	Frax Ferry	$36.36 M	7.11%	FRAX and FXS and frxETH and sfrxETH and FPI and FPIS and sFRAX100.00% The FRAX and FXS and frxETH and sfrxETH and FPI and FPIS and sFRAX tokens associated with Frax Ferry account for 100.00% of the TVL!	0.38%0.06%	Optimistically Transfers out of the bridge are considered valid if no challenge is submitted within the challenge period of 11h.	Token Bridge
51	Zora Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$33.51 M	6.61%	Ether99.65% Stablecoins0.35%	0.35%0.06%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
52	Multichain THE BRIDGE IS NOT SAFE FOR USE. The Multichain's team urges everyone to refrain from using the bridge as it is under investigation by Chinese law enforcement authorities. [<u>For more information, please visit this thread.</u>](https://twitter.com/multichainorg/status/1679768407628185600)	$28.07 M	1.78%	Ether20.53% Stablecoins25.92% Other53.55%	0.29%0.05%	Third Party 2/3rd of MPC.	Hybrid
53	Sorare	$27.23 M	3.74%	Ether100.00%	0.29%0.05%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
54	Lyra Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$26.28 M	32.10%	Ether0.47% Stablecoins62.12% Other37.42%	0.28%0.05%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
55	Synapse	$25.53 M	1.32%	Ether42.68% Stablecoins35.68% Other21.64%	0.27%0.04%	Third Party Withdraws are validated by EOA.	Hybrid
56	Kinto Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	$23.45 M	2.22%	Ether1.25% Other98.75%	0.25%0.04%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
57	Boba Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$20.62 M	1.75%	BOBA and OMG47.36% Ether38.43% Stablecoins10.11% Other4.11% The BOBA and OMG tokens associated with Boba Network account for 47.36% of the TVL!	0.22%0.04%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
58	Aptos (LayerZero) This project contains unverified contracts.	$18.95 M	26.72%	Ether0.08% Stablecoins99.92%	0.20%0.03%	Third Party Transfers need to be independently confirmed by oracle attesting to source chain checkpoints and Relayer providing merkle proof of the transfer event.	Token Bridge
59	Gravity	$17.97 M	1.26%	Ether36.43% Stablecoins63.51% Other0.06%	0.19%0.03%	Third Party Transfers need to be approved by 2/3 of the validator set operating in Cosmos Gravity Bridge blockchain.	Token Bridge
60	Kroma	$13.96 M	7.50%	Ether48.06% Stablecoins8.05% Other43.89%	0.15%0.02%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
61	Orbit Bridge This project contains unverified contracts. Orbit Bridge has been hacked on 1 Jan 2024 and is potentially not safe to use.	$13.61 M	0.42%	Ether15.34% Stablecoins54.42% Other30.24%	0.14%0.02%	Third Party MultiSig, quorum depends on destination	Token Bridge
62	Paradex There are unhandled implementation changes. The project is under review and part of the information might be outdated.	$11.55 M	0.30%	Stablecoins100.00%	0.12%0.02%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
63	Taiko This project is under review.	$9.47 M	0.00%	Ether79.08% Stablecoins1.36% Other19.56%	0.10%0.02%	In review	ZK Rollup
64	Ankr This project is under review.	$5.25 M	9.37%	ANKR7.89% Other92.11%	0.06%0.01%	Third Party A withdrawal requires a proof signed by an admin-defined consensus EOA.	Token Bridge
65	pNetwork TVL of the bridge does not take into the account pTokens minted on Ethereum. These are wrapped tokens that should be backed 1:1 with their native counterparts on other chains, for example pBTC being backed by BTC on Bitcoin or pFTM backed by FTM on Fantom.	$4.53 M	8.17%	PNT3.01% Stablecoins1.69% Other95.29%	0.05%0.01%	Third Party Transfers need to be signed offchain by a designed address.	Token Bridge
66	ZKSpace	$3.81 M	2.03%	ZKS88.50% Ether6.55% Stablecoins3.27% Other1.68% The ZKS token associated with ZKSpace accounts for 88.50% of the TVL!	0.04%0.01%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
67	SKALE IMA Bridge	$3.60 M	9.40%	SKL26.16% Ether2.86% Stablecoins14.79% Other56.19% The SKL token associated with SKALE IMA Bridge accounts for 26.16% of the TVL!	0.04%0.01%	Destination Chain There are 16 randomly selected validator nodes of the destination chain, 11 of them needs to sign and verify messages	Token Bridge
68	Symbiosis	$3.58 M	2.69%	Ether6.85% Stablecoins37.15% Other56.00%	0.04%0.01%	Third Party 2/3 of the MPC group (the Symbiosis relayers network) is required to create a cross-chain message with the MPC signature.	Hybrid
69	HYCHAIN This project is under review.	$3.16 M	11.03%	TOPIA100.00% The TOPIA token associated with HYCHAIN accounts for 100.00% of the TVL!	0.03%0.01%	In review	Optimium
70	Redstone Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$2.82 M	5.74%	Ether98.66% Stablecoins1.34% Other0.00%	0.03%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
71	Poly Bridge This project contains unverified contracts.	$2.71 M	2.35%	Ether0.00% Stablecoins0.00% Other100.00%	0.03%0.00%	Third Party 3/4 MultiSig of PolyNetwork Keepers	Token Bridge
72	Optics V2	$1.62 M	2.96%	Ether69.37% Stablecoins19.96% Other10.67%	0.02%0.00%	Third Party Messages are relayed to the destination chain and assumed to be correct unless challenged within the 30m fraud proof window, but the slashing mechanism is not implemented yet.	Token Bridge
73	tanX	$1.57 M	0.07%	Ether19.64% Stablecoins64.37% Other15.99%	0.02%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
74	Allbridge This project contains unverified contracts.	$1.43 M	1.05%	Ether12.44% Stablecoins87.55% Other0.01%	0.01%0.00%	Third Party ???	Hybrid
75	PGN Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$1.16 M	4.37%	Ether89.74% Stablecoins10.26%	0.01%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
76	Orderly Network Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$964.97 K	5.01%	Ether100.00%	0.01%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
77	Ancient8 Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$941.39 K	2.13%	Ether100.00%	0.01%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
78	Orbiter	$731.65 K	25.16%	Ether60.77% Stablecoins39.23%	0.01%0.00%	Third Party Withdrawals are validated by EOA.	Liquidity Network
79	Optics V1	$622.43 K	1.92%	Ether45.07% Stablecoins42.38% Other12.55%	0.01%0.00%	Third Party Messages are relayed to the destination chain and assumed to be correct unless challenged within the 3h fraud proof window, but the slashing mechanism is not implemented yet.	Token Bridge
80	xDai Bridge	$603.69 K	40.05%	Stablecoins100.00%	0.01%0.00%	Third Party 4/6 Validator MultiSig	Token Bridge
81	Mint Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$557.49 K	444.21%	Ether99.78% Stablecoins0.12% Other0.10%	0.01%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
82	Cyber Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$496.74 K	133.19%	Ether98.49% Stablecoins1.51%	0.01%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
83	Harmony	$459.39 K	3.84%	Ether80.71% Stablecoins10.17% Other9.12%	0.00%0.00%	Third Party 2/5 MultiSig	Token Bridge
84	deBridge	$352.68 K	4.31%	Ether51.27% Stablecoins47.17% Other1.56%	0.00%0.00%	Third Party Signed off-chain by 8 or more deBridge oracles.	Token Bridge
85	Hyphen	$265.37 K	7.27%	BICO67.72% Ether18.53% Stablecoins3.80% Other9.95% The BICO token associated with Hyphen accounts for 67.72% of the TVL!	0.00%0.00%	Third Party Withdrawals are validated by an EOA.	Liquidity Network
86	Myria	$230.53 K	4.78%	Ether100.00%	0.00%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
87	Parallel Fraud proof system is fully deployed but is not yet permissionless as it requires Validators to be whitelisted.	$215.82 K	8.93%	Ether100.00%	0.00%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
88	Honeypot	$122.38 K	19.86%	Other100.00%	0.00%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
89	Hypr Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$97.91 K	3.78%	HYPR20.97% Ether79.03% The HYPR token associated with Hypr accounts for 20.97% of the TVL!	0.00%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimium
90	Edgeless This project is under review.	$81.16 K	0.65%	Ether0.00% Other100.00%	0.00%0.00%	In review	Optimium
91	Metal Fraud proof system is currently under development. Users need to trust the block proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.	$4.99 K	17.89%	Ether98.16% Stablecoins1.84%	0.00%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
92	ReddioEx	$2.78 K	1.45%	Ether30.85% Stablecoins69.15%	0.00%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
93	Fuel v1	$997.89	4.91%	Ether98.20% Stablecoins1.80%	0.00%0.00%	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Optimistic Rollup
94	Beamer Bridge V2 The bridge is currently paused.	$0.00	0.00%	No tokens	0.00%0.00%	Optimistically Claims are considered valid if no challenge is submitted within the claim period (24h). The dispute can either be resolved by the participants or escalated by making use of the canonical bridge.	Liquidity Network
95	Davos This project is under review.					Third Party A withdrawal requires a proof signed by an admin-defined consensus EOA.	Token Bridge

#	Name	Total Total value locked in escrow contracts on Ethereum displayed together with a percentage change compared to 7D ago.	Validated by How are the messages sent via this bridge checked?	Type Token bridges use escrows and mint tokens. Liquidity Networks use pools and swap tokens. Hybrid do both.
1	Zk.Money v1 (Aztec v1) EOL: Ownership of the rollup contract is irrevocably renounced and Aztec is not running a rollup processor (operator). Users or third parties have to [run the rollup system by themselves](https://github.com/AztecProtocol/aztec-v2-ejector/) to withdraw or transact.	$4.79 M	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
2	Zk.Money v2 (Aztec Connect) EOL: Aztec team shut down their offchain rollup infrastructure on March 31st, 2024. Onchain deposits are disabled and ownership of the rollup contract is irrevocably renounced. Assets in the escrow can be manually withdrawn with the [Aztec Connect Ejector](https://github.com/AztecProtocol/aztec-connect-ejector).	$4.75 M	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
3	ZKSwap 1.0 This project contains unverified contracts. Version 3 of the protocol called ZkSpace is available and users are encouraged to move their assets there.	$4.19 M	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
4	Wormhole V1	$494.93 K	Third Party Transfers need to be signed offchain by a set of 2/3 of Guardians and then in a permissionless way relayed to the destination chain.	Token Bridge
5	Polygon Hermez Hermez and Polygon have recently merged. Hermez and Polygon Hermez are two names for the same rollup.	$350.58 K	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
6	ZKSwap 2.0 This project contains unverified contracts. Version 3 of the protocol called ZkSpace is available and users are encouraged to move their assets there.	$286.35 K	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
7	Layer2.Finance This project is under review. Currently the TVL is calculated incorrectly, because it does not take assets locked in DeFi into account.	$167.92 K	In review	Optimistic Rollup
8	OMG Network This project contains unverified contracts.	$81.33 K	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Plasma
9	DeGate V1 Legacy	$55.80 K	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup
10	Gluon LeverJ trading platform appears to be in a maintenance mode as the team moved to build NFT trading platform. Social medias associated with the project are silent since mid 2021.	$38.80 K	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Plasma
11	Canvas Connect Canvas Connect is currently open only to whitelisted institutional clients.	$18.90 K	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
12	Nomad The Nomad token bridge contract has recently been exploited and currently is not operational.	$6.27 K	Third Party Messages are relayed to the destination chain and assumed to be correct unless challenged within the 30m fraud proof window, but the slashing mechanism is not implemented yet.	Token Bridge
13	Connext (Legacy)	$5.87 K	User Transfer is done via peer-to-peer atomic swap	Liquidity Network
14	L2.Finance-zk This project contains unverified contracts. Layer2.finance-ZK has been shut down, users are encouraged to use optimistic rollup version.	$5.67 K	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	Validium
15	Sollet Sollet Bridge becomes deprecated on Oct 31, 2022. Users are encouraged to use Wormhole instead.	$5.06 K	Third Party Withdrawals need to be signed by an EOA account.	Token Bridge
16	DeGate Legacy	$0.00	Ethereum Smart contracts on Ethereum validate all bridge transfers.	ZK Rollup

About L2BEAT

L2BEAT is a public goods company dedicated to providing on-chain transparency.

What sets L2BEAT apart is our unwavering commitment to delivering accurate and reliable information. We strive to be an impartial and independent watchdog that acts in the best interest of users and the broader ecosystem while always remaining credibly neutral and faithful to reality and facts. We deliver data and tools that allow our community to educate themselves, transact securely, and make well-informed decisions.

This approach has earned us recognition and a solid reputation in the industry, garnering praise from the global Ethereum community and making our voice highly valued by numerous organizations and institutions. We are unafraid of being vocal and opinionated when our values are at stake.

Our work spans a wide range of areas, including:

Research and analysis of public protocols, including L2s and bridges,
Participation in protocol governance and security councils,
Development of transparency solutions like explorers,
Monitoring of smart contract upgrades,
Operation of nodes, and validators,
Publication of research reports,
Organization of conferences.

We receive generous funding from various public goods organizations, such as Gitcoin and the Ethereum Foundation, as well as from various private donors and investors. Additionally, we collaborate closely with leading companies in the space by accepting grants for specific projects.

You most likely have a lot of questions. We have created the Frequently Asked Questions page just for you.